Hedda Gabler is a play by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen, first published in 1890, which premiered in Germany in 1891. Originally panned by critics, the play has since gained recognition as a classic of realism and nineteenth century theater. The lead character of Hedda is one of the great dramatic roles in theatre, referred to by many as the "female Hamlet." Depending on the interpretation, she may be portrayed as an idealistic heroine, a manipulative villain, a victim of circumstance, or a prototypical feminist.